COVID-19: coronavirus disease

 
What is coronavirus disease?

• The infectious condition known as coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus.
• A mild to severe respiratory illness will be experienced by the majority of virus-infected people, who will recover without the need for special care. However, some people will get severe ailments and require medical attention. Elderly people and people with underlying medical conditions including cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, or chronic respiratory problems are more likely to experience serious illness. COVID-19 has the potential to make anyone terribly ill or cause their death at any age. 
• The greatest way to prevent or slow down transmission is to educate yourself on the condition and how the virus spreads. You can avoid infection in both yourself and other people by maintaining a distance of at least one meter between people, wearing a mask that fits properly, often washing your hands, or using an alcohol-based rub. When it's your turn, get your shot and follow any local recommendations.
• The virus can spread from the nose or mouth in tiny liquid particles when an infected person speaks, sings, sneezes, or breathes. These particles range in size from larger respiratory droplets to microscopic aerosols. It's essential to limit yourself to your house and relax until you feel better while using good respiratory techniques, such as coughing into a flexed elbow. 

How to Protect Ourself?

• When it's your turn, get immunized and pay attention to local immunization advice.
• Even if a person doesn't appear to be sick, maintain a physical distance of at least one meter from them. Avoid crowded areas and close quarters.
• Wear a mask that is properly fitted when physical separation is not possible and when you are in an area with poor ventilation.
• Wash your hands frequently with soap and water or an alcohol-based hand soap.
• Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue or a bent elbow when you cough or sneeze. Immediately discard used tissues, and wash your hands frequently. 
• If you have symptoms or a COVID-19 test shows a positive result, isolate yourself until you feel better.

Use a mask properly

• Make sure your mask reaches your chin, mouth, and nose.
• Wash your hands before putting on your mask, after taking it off, and each time you touch it.
• When you're through using your mask, store it in a brand-new plastic bag. After each use, wash your fabric mask if it's made of fabric or discard your plastic medical mask in the trash if it's made of plastic.
• Valved masks are useless to wear. 

Make safe environment 

• The likelihood of catching COVID-19 is higher in crowded, poorly ventilated environments where sick people assemble for extended periods of time close together.
• There have been observed outbreaks in public venues like restaurants, choir practices, fitness classes, nightclubs, offices, and places of worship where people gather and frequently speak loudly, shout, breathe heavily, or sing.

      How to make the environment safe? 

• Avoid the "3Cs," also known as enclosed, crowded, and close-contact conditions. Gather people outside. Meetings outside are safer than ones inside, especially if the interior area is small and doesn't have access to outside air.
• If you are unable to avoid crowded or enclosed spaces, practice the following safety precautions:
• Open a window to increase the quantity of natural airflow within.
• Put on a mask (more information above). 

Maintain good hygiene

• By maintaining excellent respiratory hygiene, you can shield those around you from COVID-19, the flu, and other contagious viruses. 

    How many proper hygiene be made sure of?

• Regularly and thoroughly wash your hands with soap and water or an alcohol-based hand massage. This gets rid of any viruses and other microorganisms that might be on your hands.
• When you cough or sneeze, cover your mouth and nose with your bent elbow or a tissue. Use a closed trash can to immediately dispose of the soiled tissue, then wash your hands.
• Frequent surface cleaning and disinfection are especially important for frequently touched areas like door handles, faucet handles, and phone screens.

What to do if you feel sick? 

• Seek emergency medical assistance if you have a fever, cough, or difficulty breathing. Call by phone first, then adhere to the guidance of your regional health authority.
• Understand the complete spectrum of COVID-19 symptoms. Frequent signs of COVID-19 include fever, a dry cough, exhaustion, and a loss of taste or smell. Aches and pains, headaches, sore throats, red or itchy eyes, diarrhea, skin rashes, and discoloration of the fingers or toes are other less frequent symptoms.

• Stay at home and isolate yourself for ten days starting at the time of the first symptom and three days after they go away. For advice, contact a hotline or your health care provider. Send for supplies to be brought to you. Wear a properly fitted mask if you must leave your home or if someone must be close by you to prevent spreading the infection.
• Continually stay informed about new information from dependable sources, such as the WHO or your local and national health authorities. The best people to give advice on what local residents should do to protect themselves are local and national authorities and public health units. 

Covid 19 vaccines: 

• Numerous COVID-19 vaccines have obtained clearance from the WHO (granted the urgent usage Listing) and other strict regulatory agencies (SRAs) for usage. The first mass immunization campaign began in early December 2020, and the WHO COVID-19 website periodically updates the total number of vaccination doses given worldwide.

There have been numerous COVID-19 vaccines created, including:

• vaccinations against inactivated or weakened viruses, such as Sinovac-Coronavac, Sinopharm, Bharat, and Valneva, which use a variant of the virus that has been altered to render it inert but still induce an immune response;
• protein-based vaccinations (such as those made by Novavax and Serum Institute of India), which use protein shells or innocuous protein fragments to safely elicit an immune response;
• The viral vector influenza vaccines, such as those developed by AstraZeneca/Oxford, Janssen, and CanSino, use a safe virus that cannot infect people but acts as a platform to produce coronavirus proteins that trigger an immune response. RNA and DNA vaccines, like those developed by Pfizer/BioNTech and Moderna, use genetically modified RNA or DNA to generate a protein that in turn safely triggers an immune response.