Maternal Mortality: Understanding the Global Crisis

Introduction

Parental death is still a major problem that needs to be addressed worldwide. In today's world, where medicine and technology are advancing rapidly, it is alarming and disturbing that mothers continue to die during pregnancy and childbirth. This blog explores the history, consequences, and solutions of grief in detail. By understanding the complexity of this situation, we can work to reduce maternal deaths worldwide.

Defining Maternal Mortality

Maternal death is a term used to describe the death of a woman during childbirth, regardless of its source. During pregnancy, during childbirth, or within 42 days after the end of pregnancy.

• It is an important indicator to evaluate the health services of a region or country and the general health of women in society.
• Contributors to inequalities in maternal mortality include health inequalities, low education, and limited access to health care.
• Indirectly causes problems during delivery.
• In addition to the serious consequences it creates for some families, the problem also affects relationships.
• The death of the mother affects the strength of the family, often pushing them into poverty and increasing the risk of infant death.
• Paternal deaths have decreased over time worldwide but remain a significant public health problem, especially in areas of conflict.
• Lying is common and access to quality healthcare is limited.

Maternal mortality reduction is still a major priority for international health and development initiatives, and many projects and programs are designed to help achieve this goal.

Causes of Maternal Mortality 

The terrible loss of mothers during pregnancy, childbirth, or the postpartum period is known as maternal mortality, and it continues to be a global health concern. In the continuous fight to cut down on these avoidable fatalities, understanding their causes is essential.

• Hemorrhage: One of the main causes of maternal death is severe bleeding before, during, or following childbirth. It may arise from pre-existing conditions or from complications during labor, such as a ruptured uterus.
• Infections: Mothers may become seriously ill from infections brought on by poor cleanliness and unhygienic medical facilities. Sepsis and other postpartum infections carry a high danger.
• Unsafe Abortions: Women may turn to unsafe techniques in areas with limited access to safe abortion services, raising the possibility of complications and maternal mortality.
• Hypertensive Disorders: High blood pressure during pregnancy is a characteristic of conditions including preeclampsia and eclampsia, which can cause organ failure and maternal mortality.
• Obstructed Labor: This can result in a longer labor period and serious difficulties for both mother and child when the baby's head is too big or positioned to fit through the delivery canal.
• Anemia: The risk of bleeding and other difficulties during childbirth is increased in cases of chronic maternal anemia, which is frequently caused by an iron shortage.
• Lack of Access to Care: Women who live in remote or underdeveloped locations are deprived of vital prenatal and obstetric care due to inadequate access to healthcare facilities.
• Socioeconomic Factors: Maternal mortality is influenced by socioeconomic inequality, poverty, and illiteracy. In an unstable social and economic environment, women face increasing risks.
• Delay in seeking medical care: Due to cultural or financial constraints, many women delay seeking medical care during pregnancy or birth, which can result in death.
• Lack of qualified health workers: Lack of qualified health workers can lead to inadequate care during birth and a slow response to emergencies.

Various strategies are needed to address these problems, including promoting parental health education and empowerment, ensuring workforce access in nursing homes, and improving medical facilities. By addressing the following issues, we can reduce maternal deaths and keep mothers safe and healthy around the world.

Effects of Maternal Mortality

Parental death is an event that affects countless parents around the world. It has a great impact on family, society, and society as a whole. These events have profound effects that go far beyond personal loss.

• Mental Health: The death of a parent is unexpected. The family is suffering. Without a mother's love and guidance, most children grow up with lifelong depression.
• Financial impact: The death of a parent often has a negative financial impact on the family. In many families, the breadwinner, the mother, will die and the family will struggle to make ends meet. The resulting poverty can push people into poverty.
• Destruction of the nation: The death of the mother destroys the foundations of the nation. In local communities, women often play an important role in promoting social, educational, and general health. It will be difficult to fill the void they leave.
• Incompetence: The organization has lost its ability to help mothers in difficult times. Many women have unique skills and knowledge that enable them to become community leaders, caregivers, and professionals.
• Intensive Care: As maternal deaths increase, the burden of treatment also increases. The death of a parent requires expensive medical care and is associated with other medical emergencies.
• Focusing on the Future: The death of a parent affects all generations. Losing a mother puts children at greater risk of hunger, poor health, and limited access to school, all of which limit their capital nature and impact the cycle of poverty.

High-risk groups in maternal mortality

Groups at high risk for maternal death Groups with increased complications and deaths during pregnancy and birth are classified as high risk for maternal death. Identifying these groups is important for appropriate treatment and intervention. Here are some higher risks:

• Young Mothers: Because their bodies are still growing or aging, young mothers, especially those under the age of fifteen or over the age of three to twenty-five, are at greater risk. Premature birth, anemia, and preeclampsia are the problems that they specifically affect.

• Migrants and refugee women: Human refugees Good Difficulties are often encountered in accessing health services. They are more vulnerable to maternal mortality due to parenting constraints and transitional stress.
• Rural and remote areas: Rural or rural women often face difficulties in reaching health centers and receiving childbirth education. These areas will lack transportation and infrastructure, leading to a lack of maintenance when necessary.
• Low Socioeconomic Status: Women in poor areas may not receive medical care and treatment. Poverty can be a problem for parents struggling to pay for hospital bills and foster care.
• Indigenous peoples and minorities: Women belonging to these groups are affected by discrimination and lack of education. Get good treatment. Cultural differences may result in delayed or absent prenatal care and reduced health-seeking behavior.
• Malnourished women: Malnourished women are more likely to suffer from infections, anemia, and other problems during pregnancy and birth; All of these increase the risk of maternal death.
• Women with pre-existing medical conditions: Women with pre-existing conditions such as diabetes, high blood pressure, or heart disease are more likely to have problems during pregnancy. A safe pregnancy must be carefully monitored and managed by a doctor.
• Multiple pregnancies: Premature birth, high blood pressure, and gestational diabetes are more common problems in women who are pregnant with twins, triplets, or more.
• Lack of education: Women with low education levels may not have knowledge about family planning and fertility treatment. This can lead to delays in prenatal care and a lack of awareness of the risks associated with pregnancy.
• Long or no prenatal care: Women who receive little or no prenatal care are more likely to have problems with prenatal care and die. Due to the severity of the problem, the mother may not be diagnosed and treated.

Identifying high-risk groups is important for planning interventions, raising awareness, and improving access to treatment. By focusing on the specific needs of these vulnerable groups, we can work to reduce maternal mortality and make life safer for all women.

Maternal Mortality Rate Formula

The following formula is commonly used to determine the Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR):

Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) = (Number of Pregnant Women) Period Number of deaths in the same period / all births in the same period) x 100,000,

Comparison of maternal deaths by region and time. It represents MMR per 100,000 live births. It helps determine the risk of maternal death during pregnancy, birth, or the postpartum period.

India's Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR)

Registrar General of India (RGI) has published MMR data of the Government of India; MMR nationally up to 97/100,000 people. The number of maternal deaths per 100,000 children born in a certain period is called the maternal mortality ratio (MMR).

According to the Sample Registration System (SRS) data, the maternal mortality rate in the country was 130 in 2014-2016, 122 in 2015-17, 113 in 2016-18 and 113 in 2017. -19. This number was 103 cases in 2018 and 97 cases in 2018-20.

After achieving the National Health Policy (NHP) target of less than 100 live births, India is working towards the sustainable development target of less than 70 live births by 2030.

The number of countries achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) increased from 6 to 8; Kerala leads the way (19), followed by Maharashtra (33), Telangana (43) and Andhra Pradesh (45), Tamil Nadu (54) and Jharkhand (56). ), Gujarat (57) and Karnataka (69). This represents progress toward achieving sustainable development goals.

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Maternal mortality rate in the United States 

Centers The Organization for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that the maternal mortality rate will be 69.9 per 100,000 live births in 2021 (Figure 1 and text).

The incidence is higher in black women than in white and Hispanic women. The number of deaths increased between 2020 and 2021 for all racial and Hispanic groups. This rate increases as the age of the parents increases.

In 2021, the mortality rate for women under the age of 25, between the ages of 25-39 and over the age of 40 is 20.4 deaths per 100,000 live births. Compared to women under 25, this rate is 6.8 times higher than in women over 40. Prices vary for different ages. For all these ages, this rate increased significantly between 2020 and 2021.

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Conclusion 

Maternal age As you progress, the cost also increases. According to Figure 2 and the table, the death rate of women under 25 years old, 25-39 years old and over 40 years old in 2021 is 20.4 deaths per 100,000 births. Compared to women under 25, this rate is 6.8 times higher than in women over 40. Prices vary greatly depending on age. For all these ages, the price increased significantly between 2020 and 2021.